Yes. Thanks for the question, Mr. Louis. I'd be happy to.

We have to remember that farm fuels, of course, demand part of the GHG portfolio in agriculture, but it's only 14%. The rest of our sector's emissions come from other sources, predominantly nitrogen management, crop production and livestock. I like the question, because I think it's important that within this whole context we think about the major emission sources and how we can work with farmers directly to support changes in practices to reduce emissions.

What the budget adopted yesterday was direct support for farmers for five priorities that we advanced. Cover cropping is a practice adopted by many Canadian farmers but is not yet scaled. With direct upfront support for farmers, we can scale this practice. It's better for soil health, water management and pest control, but it also helps to reduce emissions.

Rotational grazing is a practice that is quite well understood, again with high upfront costs associated with infrastructure—more fencing, more water bowls where necessary. Therefore, supporting farmers to share in those upfront costs to then adopt practices that further reduce emissions on our farms is a great way to go.

In terms of improved nitrogen management, nitrous oxide from the use of nitrogen fertilizer, or nitrogen fertilizer waste, is the largest single growing source of emissions in our sector. Let's not lose sight of that one. We need an agronomist to work closely with farmers to improve nitrogen management to be more efficient in our use so that we're not wasting nitrogen. That's better for farmers and it's also better for the environment.

Finally, around wetlands and trees, it's so important. Keeping trees and wetlands on farms is powerful in terms of maintaining a GHG sink. Farmers can play a huge role in that if they're supported with the economic costs of not farming that land, of not making revenue off of that land.

Taken together, Mr. Louis, in our analysis we worked really closely with some of Canada's best GHG modellers and agriculture economists. For the first time ever, we produced a report in Canada that quantifies the GHG reduction potential of these practices if scaled with the right kinds of supports that we saw in the budget. We're looking at 10 megatonnes. That's huge. That's just under one-seventh of our total emissions across a season or two. It's a powerful way to support farmers to really be climate heroes and to really be part of our collective climate solution in Canada.

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